which of the following statements accurately describes viruses?

b. bacteria are living and viruses are non -living . PFCs are persistent chemicals, so they are ______. Why would hydrophilic substances such as sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids be unable to simply diffuse across a plasma membrane? b. facilitated diffusion c) re-infection by a closely related herpesvirus of a different strain Which of the following statements accurately describes the measles virus? b) Viruses can replicate independently of their cellular hosts. e) Viral genomes mutate rapidly. 13-66 Which statement regarding retrovirus proviruses is false? b. herpes simplex virus d. The cell should gain weight over time because it is isotonic to the beaker environment and water will be drawn into the cell because of the albumin. - People tolerate high risks in activities of their choosing, as they often have an exaggerated view of their abilities to control fate. A.) Solubility is important in determining how a substance travels and is absorbed. If a bottle of perfume were spilled in the corner of a large lecture hall, the students sitting near that corner of the room would very quickly smell the perfume. Some viruses have an external membrane envelope. c) membrane c. Epidemics; pandemics About Us: If your goal is to build a career that makes a difference, consider joining the dedicated people of the Colorado Department of Human Services(CDHS). Why do scientists repeat their experiments over and over again? is an emerging discipline that seeks to understand how environmental changes threaten our health and the environment itself. a. classical; alternative pathways of complement Tests on living animals are more reliable than other tests. Write the equation describing the equilibrium established when HNO2HNO_2HNO2 reacts with NH3NH_3NH3. The three kinds of blood lipoproteins and the differences between their composition and function, Which unit is the larger? Chloropyrifos - Used as a pesticide b. X-linked hyper IgM syndrome b. nuclear envelope. 13-40 Which of the following is not a virus that can cause a persistent infection in the host by establishing latency? e. human immunodeficiency virus. Q: Discuss the following statement: "Viruses exist in the twilight zone of life: outside cells they are. e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Which of the following statements accurately describes plant virus infections? - misunderstanding probabilities about harm from a hazard d. a eukaryotic cell with a nucleus. The estrogen-like compound that acts as a substitute hormone and disrupts gene expression, as shown in the image, is a(n) ______. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. The solution level on the left side of the figure would rise while the solution level on the right side of the figure would decrease. c. converts sunlight into chemical energy. Why are animals still used to test toxicity of substances? Select one: a. e) re-infection by the same herpesvirus strain, b) copies of the herpesvirus genome remaining as mini-chromosomes in some host cell nuclei. b. rough ER d. nucleus, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis. b. a cell wall. All toxic substances are hazardous, but all hazardous substances are not toxic. c. Substances can only pass through the membrane with the help of either active or passive transport proteins. Environmental health policies need to address ______________ because we may be destroying cycles that support human life if we don't protect different types of organisms. Examine the figure below. You observe layers of cells that have a definite, rigid, rectangular shape; there appears to be a nucleus in all of the cells and there are many oval-shaped green structures that seem to be moving around inside of the cells in an orderly fashion. e. nucleus; fusion with the nuclear membrane. c. secondary immunodeficiency diseases b) Formation of the provirus would be stopped. a. Biomagnification, in the case of a fish-eating osprey, refers to the fact that the ______. 25 ppm - Ospreys. b. prokaryotic and animal Instead, the cells are only able to reproduce once inside a host cell. The Office of Justice Services (OJS), within the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), is searching for an individual to serve as a Victim Assistance Program Manager. Hydraulic structures, e.g., sluicegates and pumping stations, can directly influence flooding processes and should be represented in flood modeling and risk assessment. Filter the substance to remove all elements smaller than what can be easily seen under a light microscope. D. HIV can pass easily from one person to the next through casual contact. a. contain genetic material b. can be killed using antibiotics c. have a cell membrane d. have a protein coat a 5. No color change in the beaker tells us that the starch was too large to cross the membrane from the cell and into the beaker. One important way to control the spread of viruses is through a. the use of vaccines. b. impenetrable c. semipermeable a. Epstein-Barr virus (Select all that apply.) b. the sequence of the conserved X box of the HLA class II promoter b. produces the energy needed to run chemical reactions in the cell. a. immune-complex disease Neurotoxins are poisons that affect us by ______. Which type(s) of chemicals travel through the environment most easily? The color change indicates that the iodine molecules were small enough to diffuse across the membrane and react with the starch inside the cell. Which of the following statements correctly describes how factors related to the individual influence how she or he responds to toxins in the environment? The measles virus causes nasal and lung infections. What factors make emergent diseases a special problem? A. HIV is deadly, but doesn't target key cells in the immune system. Because the chemical industry thinks they are uncalled for, and toxicologists argue that there are problems with the necessary tests, the regulation of _______________ disrupters has been difficult to enact. - political or economic interest related to the hazard. a. b. S. pneumoniae is never completely eradicated during an infection and can reactivate if the host is immunocompromised. d. local populations; global populations. 2. a. lipids. a) capsid A: Answer- Virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that is non-living outside the cell and living. Which of the following statements helps to explain why RNA viruses tend to have unusually high rates of mutation? 4. 13-18 Which of the following is not associated with bacterial infection due to a genetic defect in or pathogen-induced subversion of normal phagocytic processes? d. Chdiak-Higashi syndrome II. Your muscle cells need large amounts of ATP to function in the movement of your body. Because sensory neurons express low levels of MHC class I molecules, they provide appropriate sites for viral dormancy. For some toxic substances, a millionth of a gram (an amount invisible to the naked eye) can be lethal. It is secreted and functions as a monomer but facilitates the dimerization of its receptor. Interpret this graph by matching each label to the correct line in the graph. d. Typically just a piece of genetic material encased in proteins, viruses are small, non-cellular infectious agents that are only capable of reproducing when inside a living cell such as those of plants, animals, fungi, protozoans, or bacteria. In environmental toxicity studies, when an interaction between two substances results in one of them exacerbating the effects of another by 20-fold it is called a(n) ______ interaction. Trauma - Car accidents Why do scientists classify viruses as non-living? Viruses burst (lyse) from host cells and kill the cell; Virus connects to a receptor on the cell's surface; New viruses infect other cells and create more viruses; Virus genomes and protein cotas self-assemble; Re-sequence the steps in teh chart to reflect the correct order of the virus reproduction process. Neither membrane is selectively permeable or has pores. Multiple Choice Q09 Which of the following statements correctly describes the most probable fate of a newly emerging virus that causes high mortality in its host? d. Both membranes consist of two concentric phospholipid bilayers and neither is selectively permeable or has pores. Which statement is incorrect regarding internal control in personal computer environment? - The chemical agent is not biodegradable and thus is persistent in the environment. c. phagocytosis. b) enter a replicative cycle that kills the host cell. d. factor D At its 5 end, the RNA genome has a viral protein (VPg) instead of a 5 cap. Which of these is not a consideration of toxicology? b) Vertical transmission is the transfer of DNA from one type of plant virus to another, and horizontal transmission is the exchange of DNA between two plant viruses of the same type. c. It activates the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway after binding to its cognate receptor. - Though cells have repair mechanisms to restore damaged DNA, there is no safe threshold for exposure to mutagens as the repair process may be flawed. c. global populations; local populations c. X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome b. ribosomes a. pinocytosis. kill the host cell immediately, while bacteria maintain life within the . Treat the substance with nucleases that destroy all nucleic acids and then determine whether it is still infectious. C.) A virus is nonliving because it lacks an organelle that allows movement. d. Pandemics; epidemics. d. I would expect to find the photosynthetic enzymes associated with the ER of the bacteria. Generally, the CIS environment in which personal computers are used is less structured than a centrally-controlled CIS environment. This number doesn't include people killed by smoking tobacco. When a dose-response curve for a particular toxin shows a threshold for the response, it generally suggests ______. b. e. they are unable to transduce signals when bound to the normal form. Rapid cell reproduction replaces damaged cells in tissues, but the more cells reproduce, the greater the chances are that they may become cancerous. Which of these sentences properly describes the difference between bioaccumulation and biomagnification? 13-25 Deficiencies in complement components C5-C9 and properdin (factor P) are associated with _____. c. prokaryotic cells . c. the use of other types of bacteria. Viruses are typically a piece of genetic material encased in a protein capsule. 13-7 Genes encoding _____ rearrange in trypanosomes permitting replication and survival of the pathogen until the host produces an antibody response against the altered gene product. - Combined effects of exposure to multiple toxins. e. All of the choices are correct. This cell is weighed and then placed in a beaker of 3 percent iodine dissolved in water. d. hereditary angioedema: C1INH infusions a. b. chronic granulomatous disease d) I, Which of the following characteristics is the largest contributor to determining a virus's host range? So, the water moved by osmosis across the plasma membranes into the radish cells increasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells and making them crunchier. Which of the following statements about viruses is false? answer choices Organism that lives on the cell and causes it harm Something that causes harm to the cell Cell that the virus invades and takes over Question 3 120 seconds Q. b) removal of viral mRNAs c. CD40 ligand; produce GM-CSF (Use one word for your answer.). 13-2 _____ results when a gene affecting the immune system mutates, thereby compromising the body's defense against infection. ; Patriot Platinum Travel Medical Insurance SM . a) Vertical transmission is transmission of a virus from a parent plant to its progeny, and horizontal transmission is one plant spreading the virus to another plant. e. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; HIV. IV. e. CD18. Bacteria are much larger than viruses, and t View the full answer Transcribed image text: A collection of three American sterling silver vases and a sterling-overlay glass vasevarious makers, 20th centuryComprising a Tiffany & Co. bud vase with 925 sterling hallmark, with 1907-1947 date mark, maker's mark, "19397 5521" marked to interior; an early 20th century Unger bud vase with vine and floral engraving, with sterling hallmark, maker's mark, "09792" marked to . a. influenza virus d. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase; influenza virus e. factor I 4. Find the temperature of a gas of CO2\mathrm{CO}_2CO2 molecules whose rms\mathrm{rms}rms speed is 309m/s309 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}309m/s ? One of the differences between bacteria and viruses is that : a. viruses are living and bacteria are non -living . The 2015 outbreak of the Zika virus was especially concerning as infected pregnant mothers were having babies with ______. It is rising in both developing and developed countries. a. transport proteins This is an example of b - Shows a linear relationship from zero exposure to the highest dose suggesting that exposure to such toxic agents, no matter how small, carries some risks d. massive production of IL-2, IFN-, and TNF- Which of the following virus types inserts a double-stranded DNA copy of its genome into the host cell's genome? b. Reactivation of herpesviruses follows stressful incidents. CRE is a lethal bacteria that is resistant to ________________; it causes <5% of all hospital infections but is fatal in about 50% of the cases. e. agammaglobulinemia caused by deficiency of Bruton's tyrosine kinase This is an example of Dose (amount of experience) - Horizontal (x) axis Contrast the methods used by the Greek philosophers and Dalton to study the e. Listeria monocytogenes - in the blood of nearly everyone in the United States. Chediak-Higashi syndrome caused by the deficiency of CHS1. a. a virus-encoded Fc receptor d. a. osmosis. a. Toxoplasma gondii Deriving social determinants of health from underserved populations is an important step in the process of improving the well-being of these populations and in driving policy improvements to facilitate positive change in health outcomes. c. receptor-mediated endocytosis. d. fall below 500 cells/l 13-16 All of the following are associated with superantigens except _____. a. channel proteins Choose ALL that apply. O The envelope helps protect viruses exposed to heat and/or detergents. Differences in physiology, metabolism, and body size result in species reacting ______ to a specific compound, which makes human risk difficult to estimate. County employees are subject . a 4. Your friend says you should refrigerate them in a bowl of water overnight. From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form and why are they important? Certain pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and drugs - Injection (Intramuscular), As shown in the figure, every organism in the Lake Michigan food chain has some DDT in their body tissues at concentrations higher than in the environment due to Immune responses against S. pneumoniae are serotype-specific and protect only against strains that possess the same capsular polysaccharide antigens. Why? No color change in the beaker tells us that the starch was too large to cross the membrane from the cell and into the beaker. Factor related to the toxic agent - Composition and reactivity of the chemical These special proteins tell the white blood cells those bacterial cells do not belong to that particular human and to phagocytize (eat) them. Treat the sample with proteases that digest all proteins and then determine whether it is still infectious. e. activate : T cells Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between the way bacteria cause diseases and the way that viruses cause diseases? c. The solution level on the left side of the figure would decrease while the solution level on the right side of the figure would rise. 0.003 ppb - DDT in water b. the IL-12 receptor Multiple Choice Viruses are typically a piece of genetic material encased in a protein capsule. c) Vertical transmission is the spread of viruses from the upper leaves to the lower leaves of the plant, and horizontal transmission is the spread of a virus among leaves at the same general level. d. superantigens - caused by a fungus that thrives in cool, moist caves where bats hibernate Exposure to radiation during an x-ray for a broken foot - Acute exposure d. Every living organism is composed of one or more cells, and all living cells arise from preexisting cells. Which of the following statements accurately describes the path of oxygenated blood? a. reverse transcriptase b. classical complement and blood-clotting pathways d. There will be no net movement of water because the solutions are isotonic. a) Double-stranded DNA viruses 2 ppm - Large fish O The envelope is only found on RNA viruses. a. CD40 ligand Proviruses form immediately after the RNA genome assembles with viral proteins and infectious irons are produced, 13-68 The pol gene of HIV produces all of the following except _____. A cheetah can run 121212 km/h over a 100100100 m distance. A. a. effective at minuscule concentrations A. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the left atrium via the pulmonary arteries B. Oxygenated blood is taken to the heart, from the lungs into the right atrium via the pulmonary veins Viruses are very diverse. You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, or prion. b. X-linked hyper IgM syndrome: GM-CSF injections - mortality data fail to capture the impacts of nonfatal outcomes of disease and injury on human well-being. 2. What is this speed in meters per second? nonspecific activation 2-20% of body's CD8 T cells. b. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) e. gp41 and gp120. White-nose syndrome is a fungal disease that is devastating bat populations, causing mortality of 90 percent or more in infected colonies. d) induce the formation of prions in the nucleus of the cell. c. they are able to form stable dimers with the normal form New York State coalition hepatitis C consensus statement leads to governor's action. 13-15 Superantigens bind to all of the following molecules except _____. Viral genomes consist of what type of nucleic acid molecules? answer choices Viruses are much smaller than bacteria cells. b. sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination. III. Large molecules are always excluded from crossing the membrane. c. osmosis. 13-12 Shingles is associated with infection by _____. They are much less sensitive to ______ than regular rats, so studies using them are highly suspect. In the following section, we describe this approach in detail. b) Replication of their genomes does not involve proofreading. A virus is living because it has DNA that stores genetic information. b. pinocytosis They are only capable of reproducing once inside a living host cell Viruses are living cells that are lacking the necessary structures to carry out cellular functions. Response - Vertical (y) axis T-cell-dependent antibody responses; cell-mediated immune responses. With the first bite, you notice their texture is not as crisp and crunchy as you like. d. carbohydrates. c. T cells; CD8 c. The saline you used was hypertonic to the RBCs; this resulted in water osmosing through the RBC plasma membrane mostly out of the cell. a. In this paper, static cone penetration test data of a project site are used, and random field theory is . - Endocrine disrupters may interfere with growth and development. a. d. They are obligate intracellular parasites. - The U.S. EPA estimates that 200 million Americans live in areas where cancer risk from environmental carcinogens is ten times higher than normal. Reduce the amount of salt and animal fat in your diet - Reduced cardiovascular disease c. latency The global navigation satellite system-interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) was developed more than a decade ago to monitor soil moisture content (SMC); a system that is essentially finished has emerged. f. It is able to render target cells responsive even if they express only one functional allele of IFNR1. d. RAG-1 or RAG-2 Question: Which of the following statements accurately describes a viral envelope? c. the expression of MHC class I and class II molecules d. They contain an entire copy of a cell's genetic material. The pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus in association with high levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy is called _________________ ______________________ syndrome. - The chemical agent is water-soluble. host cell indefinitely. Correct Response b. I would expect to find the photosynthetic enzymes associated with the plasma membrane of the bacteria. DDT is deposited in water from agricultural runoff - Mutagens are agents such as chemicals or radiation that damage DNA. What are the qualities of PFCs that make them so useful? 13-44 Listeria monocytogenes replicates in _____ of macrophages after _____. Cell W. d. RAG1 or RAG2 d. pinocytosis. a. osmosis Potential routes of exposure to toxins in the environment. It has not been previously known or has been absent for at least 20 years. 13-8 _____ is a strategy used by herpesviruses where replication and the generation of virus-derived peptides are avoided in order to hide from the immune response. Mortality rates are reduced by the administration of antibiotics to affected individuals. a worldwide (or very widespread) epidemic. What is a probability calculation and how is it used in risk assessment? Probability is a calculation of the statistical danger of a risk, and this information can help us decide which risks to tolerate and which to avoid. 3. Why do these antibiotics not work to kill viruses and cure people of viral infections? Significantly more people have HBV (hepatitis) than HIV, but they are less likely to be treated for it. Which of the following statements accurately describes the concepts of disease and illness? When you get home you remove the stems and clean them. The project is the solution towards mitigating scams and rugpulls. Vesicular stomatitis virus G (VSV-G) . It is the major activating cytokine of macrophages. A factory with an office that controls the information sent to separate rooms for each of the manufacturing and shipping processes would be analogous to Bacteria injects DNA into a host cell. Which of the following groups of people is most likely to have an increased exposure to toxic chemicals because of their job responsibilities? d. b) retroviruses c. spongy mesophyll b. a worker in a factory who places labels on products and then packs them into a shipping box 13-5 All of the following are associated with the ability of influenza virus to escape from immunity except _____. Allergens are substances that affect us by ______. A Pre-Audited Token Launchpad on the Binance Smart Chain (BSC). d. phagocytosis. Which one of the following accurately describes the cause:effect relationship of ultrasound? b. c. I would expect to find the photosynthetic enzymes associated with the mitochondria of the bacteria. a) III Question 4 120 seconds Q. b. 13-53 Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a condition resulting in chronic bacterial and fungal infections, is caused by one or more defects in _____, compromising the ability of macrophages to _____. answer choices they need genetic material They need a host cell They need bacteria They need insulin d. cytosol. What is the most plausible explanation for the appearance of the blood cells on your slide? BIO182 Chapter 19 MasteringBiology Homework, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine. a. a plasma membrane, where the pipe cleaners represent the phospholipid bilayer and the ribbon represents proteins embedded in the membrane.

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